See 闇 on Wiktionary
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{ "forms": [ { "form": "169", "tags": [ "radical" ] }, { "form": "門+9", "tags": [ "radical" ] }, { "form": "17", "tags": [ "strokes" ] }, { "form": "日弓卜廿日", "roman": "ANYTA", "tags": [ "cangjie-input" ] }, { "form": "7760₁", "tags": [ "four-corner" ] }, { "form": "⿵門音", "tags": [ "composition" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "as": "09", "canj": "ANYTA", "four": "77601", "ids": "⿵門音", "rad": "門", "rn": "169", "sn": "17" }, "expansion": "闇 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+9, 17 strokes, cangjie input 日弓卜廿日 (ANYTA), four-corner 7760₁, composition ⿵門音)", "name": "Han char" } ], "lang": "Translingual", "lang_code": "mul", "pos": "character", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "91 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Translingual Han characters with definition lines", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "91 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "97 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "parents": [ "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "97 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant script codes", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "close, shut" ], "id": "en-闇-mul-character-66VMmOIk", "links": [ [ "close", "close" ], [ "shut", "shut" ] ], "raw_tags": [ "han" ] }, { "glosses": [ "dark, dismal" ], "id": "en-闇-mul-character-sO4c1-bW", "links": [ [ "dark", "dark" ], [ "dismal", "dismal" ] ], "raw_tags": [ "han" ] } ], "word": "闇" } { "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "嚚闇" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "嚚暗" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "庸闇" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "庸暗" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "悠闇" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "悠暗" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "洄闇" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "洄暗" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "闇亂" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "暗乱" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "闇劣" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "暗劣" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "ànruò", "word": "闇弱" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "roman": "ànruò", "word": "暗弱" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "闇淺" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "暗浅" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "闇然" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "暗然" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "闇莫" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "暗莫" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "闇誦" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "暗诵" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "闇跳" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "暗跳" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "黮闇" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "黮暗" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds" }, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize" }, { "args": { "1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *qɯːms" }, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms)", "name": "liushu" }, { "args": { "1": "門", "2": "音", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc" }, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms) : semantic 門 + phonetic 音 (OC *qrɯm)", "name": "Han compound" } ], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms) : semantic 門 + phonetic 音 (OC *qrɯm).", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zh", "2": "hanzi" }, "expansion": "闇", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "41 7 3 3 5 9 1 1 2 2 17 7 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with raw sortkeys", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "76 5 2 2 2 13", "kind": "other", "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "66 7 3 2 4 17", "kind": "other", "name": "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "parents": [ "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "to close the door" ], "id": "en-闇-zh-character-~JvH~T8I", "links": [ [ "close", "close" ], [ "door", "door" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "night; dusk; eclipse" ], "id": "en-闇-zh-character-EjQmAB2W", "links": [ [ "night", "night" ], [ "dusk", "dusk" ], [ "eclipse", "eclipse" ] ] }, { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "àn, “dark; secret; ignorant”", "word": "暗" } ], "glosses": [ "Alternative form of 暗 (àn, “dark; secret; ignorant”)" ], "id": "en-闇-zh-character-3YqNaL0J", "links": [ [ "暗", "暗#Chinese" ], [ "dark", "dark" ], [ "secret", "secret" ], [ "ignorant", "ignorant" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "alternative" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "àn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "an⁴" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo" ], "zh-pron": "ㄢˋ" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Jyutping" ], "zh-pron": "am³" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Jyutping" ], "zh-pron": "am²" }, { "tags": [ "Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "àn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "àn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Wade-Giles" ], "zh-pron": "an⁴" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "àn" }, { "tags": [ "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "ann" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "ань" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "anʹ" }, { "ipa": "/ˀän⁵¹/", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "am" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "ám" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "am³" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "am²" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization" ], "zh-pron": "em³" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization" ], "zh-pron": "em²" }, { "ipa": "/ɐm³³/", "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "ipa": "/ɐm³⁵/", "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Middle-Chinese" ], "zh-pron": "'omH" }, { "tags": [ "Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang" ], "zh-pron": "/*qɯːms/" }, { "ipa": "/ˀän⁵¹/" }, { "ipa": "/ɐm³³/" }, { "ipa": "/ɐm³⁵/" }, { "other": "/*qɯːms/" } ], "word": "闇" } { "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "諒闇" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "谅暗" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds" }, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize" }, { "args": { "1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *qɯːms" }, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms)", "name": "liushu" }, { "args": { "1": "門", "2": "音", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc" }, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms) : semantic 門 + phonetic 音 (OC *qrɯm)", "name": "Han compound" } ], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms) : semantic 門 + phonetic 音 (OC *qrɯm).", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zh", "2": "hanzi" }, "expansion": "闇", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "room for mourning the death of a ruler" ], "id": "en-闇-zh-character-OC54On0c", "links": [ [ "room", "room" ], [ "mourn", "mourn" ], [ "death", "death" ], [ "ruler", "ruler" ] ] }, { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "ān, “to fully understand”", "word": "諳" }, { "extra": "ān, “to fully understand”", "word": "谙" } ], "glosses": [ "Alternative form of 諳/谙 (ān, “to fully understand”)" ], "id": "en-闇-zh-character-Xf9RFUOj", "links": [ [ "諳", "諳#Chinese" ], [ "谙", "谙#Chinese" ], [ "fully", "fully" ], [ "understand", "understand" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "alternative" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "ān" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "an¹" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo" ], "zh-pron": "ㄢ" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Jyutping" ], "zh-pron": "am¹" }, { "tags": [ "Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "ān" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "an" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Wade-Giles" ], "zh-pron": "an¹" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "ān" }, { "tags": [ "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "an" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "ань" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "anʹ" }, { "ipa": "/ˀän⁵⁵/", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "ām" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "am¹" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization" ], "zh-pron": "em¹" }, { "ipa": "/ɐm⁵⁵/", "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˀän⁵⁵/" }, { "ipa": "/ɐm⁵⁵/" } ], "word": "闇" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds" }, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize" }, { "args": { "1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *qɯːms" }, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms)", "name": "liushu" }, { "args": { "1": "門", "2": "音", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc" }, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms) : semantic 門 + phonetic 音 (OC *qrɯm)", "name": "Han compound" } ], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms) : semantic 門 + phonetic 音 (OC *qrɯm).", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zh", "2": "hanzi" }, "expansion": "闇", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "suddenly", "word": "奄" } ], "glosses": [ "Alternative form of 奄 (“suddenly”)" ], "id": "en-闇-zh-character-d5svOG0x", "links": [ [ "奄", "奄#Chinese" ], [ "suddenly", "suddenly" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "alternative" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "yǎn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "yan³" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo" ], "zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˇ" }, { "tags": [ "Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "yǎn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "yǎn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Wade-Giles" ], "zh-pron": "yen³" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "yǎn" }, { "tags": [ "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "yean" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "янь" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "janʹ" }, { "ipa": "/jɛn²¹⁴/", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "ipa": "/jɛn²¹⁴/" } ], "word": "闇" } { "forms": [ { "form": "“Jōyō” kanji", "tags": [ "common" ] } ], "lang": "Japanese", "lang_code": "ja", "pos": "character", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Common kanji", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "parents": [ "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant transliterations", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "derived": [ { "roman": "an'ya", "word": "闇夜: a dark night" }, { "word": "a night with no moon" }, { "word": "a dark and depressing outlook" }, { "english": "a dark night, a night with no moon", "roman": "yamiyo", "ruby": [ [ "闇", "やみ" ], [ "夜", "よ" ] ], "word": "闇夜" } ], "glosses": [ "dark, darkness" ], "id": "en-闇-ja-character-ozoSA7vt", "links": [ [ "dark", "dark" ], [ "darkness", "darkness" ] ], "related": [ { "roman": "Tōyō character written in place of this character", "word": "暗" } ], "tags": [ "kanji" ] } ], "wikipedia": [ "Kyūjitai", "Shinjitai", "Tōkyō", "Ōsaka" ], "word": "闇" } { "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ja", "2": "ojp", "3": "-", "sort": "やみ" }, "expansion": "Old Japanese", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ja", "2": "jpx-pro", "3": "*yamui", "sort": "やみ" }, "expansion": "Proto-Japonic *yamui", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Ultimate roots uncertain. May be cognate with 病む (yamu, “to be ill”), 止む (yamu, “to stop, to quit”), 黄泉 (yomi, “land of the dead”).\nReconstructed as deriving ultimately from Proto-Japonic *yamui.", "forms": [ { "form": "闇", "ruby": [ [ "闇", "やみ" ] ], "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "yami", "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "やみ" }, "expansion": "闇(やみ) • (yami)", "name": "ja-noun" } ], "lang": "Japanese", "lang_code": "ja", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant sortkeys", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "the dark, darkness" ], "id": "en-闇-ja-noun-qvF6qiHc", "links": [ [ "dark", "dark" ], [ "darkness", "darkness" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "other": "やみ" }, { "ipa": "[ja̠mʲi]" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Kyūjitai", "Shinjitai", "Tōkyō", "Ōsaka" ], "word": "闇" } { "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ja", "2": "ltc", "3": "-", "sort": "あん" }, "expansion": "Middle Chinese", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "闇", "2": "dark" }, "expansion": "闇 (MC 'omH, “dark”)", "name": "ltc-l" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 闇 (MC 'omH, “dark”).", "forms": [ { "form": "闇", "ruby": [ [ "闇", "あん" ] ], "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "an", "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "あん" }, "expansion": "闇(あん) • (an)", "name": "ja-noun" } ], "lang": "Japanese", "lang_code": "ja", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "darkness, the dark" ], "id": "en-闇-ja-noun-ufeYno1u", "links": [ [ "darkness", "darkness" ], [ "dark", "dark" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "a dark place" ], "id": "en-闇-ja-noun-urB9Hhzd", "links": [ [ "dark", "dark" ], [ "place", "place" ] ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "parents": [ "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "ja", "name": "Buddhism", "orig": "ja:Buddhism", "parents": [ "Religion", "Culture", "Society", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "2 3 3 3 89", "kind": "other", "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "3 4 4 4 85", "kind": "other", "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks", "parents": [ "Links with redundant wikilinks", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "7 8 8 8 69", "kind": "other", "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "36 2 2 2 58", "kind": "other", "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "parents": [ "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "18 8 8 8 58", "kind": "other", "name": "Non-Tōyō characters replaced by Tōyō characters", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "darkness, as a metaphor for worldly desires" ], "id": "en-闇-ja-noun-geHlbIU7", "links": [ [ "Buddhism", "Buddhism" ], [ "darkness", "darkness" ], [ "metaphor", "metaphor" ], [ "worldly", "worldly" ], [ "desire", "desire" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Buddhism) darkness, as a metaphor for worldly desires" ], "topics": [ "Buddhism", "lifestyle", "religion" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "other": "あん" }, { "ipa": "[ã̠ɴ]" } ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "暗" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Kyūjitai", "Shinjitai", "Tōkyō", "Ōsaka" ], "word": "闇" } { "forms": [ { "form": "am", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "암", "tags": [ "hangeul" ] }, { "form": "am", "tags": [ "revised" ] }, { "form": "am", "tags": [ "McCune-Reischauer" ] }, { "form": "am", "tags": [ "Yale" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ko", "2": "Han characters", "sc": "Kore", "sort": "암", "tr": "am" }, "expansion": "闇 • (am)", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "eumhun": "", "hangeul": "암", "mr": "am", "rv": "am", "y": "am" }, "expansion": "闇 • (am) (hangeul 암, revised am, McCune–Reischauer am, Yale am)", "name": "ko-hanja" } ], "lang": "Korean", "lang_code": "ko", "pos": "character", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "parents": [ "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant script codes", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with raw sortkeys", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "id": "en-闇-ko-character-47DEQpj8", "raw_tags": [ "Hanja" ], "tags": [ "no-gloss" ] } ], "word": "闇" } { "forms": [ { "form": "ám", "tags": [ "Hán-Nôm" ] } ], "lang": "Vietnamese", "lang_code": "vi", "pos": "character", "senses": [ { "categories": [], "id": "en-闇-vi-character-47DEQpj8", "raw_tags": [ "han" ], "tags": [ "no-gloss" ] } ], "word": "闇" }
{ "categories": [ "Chinese Han characters", "Chinese adverbs", "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "Chinese verbs", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Pages with raw sortkeys" ], "derived": [ { "word": "嚚闇" }, { "word": "嚚暗" }, { "word": "庸闇" }, { "word": "庸暗" }, { "word": "悠闇" }, { "word": "悠暗" }, { "word": "洄闇" }, { "word": "洄暗" }, { "word": "闇亂" }, { "word": "暗乱" }, { "word": "闇劣" }, { "word": "暗劣" }, { "roman": "ànruò", "word": "闇弱" }, { "roman": "ànruò", "word": "暗弱" }, { "word": "闇淺" }, { "word": "暗浅" }, { "word": "闇然" }, { "word": "暗然" }, { "word": "闇莫" }, { "word": "暗莫" }, { "word": "闇誦" }, { "word": "暗诵" }, { "word": "闇跳" }, { "word": "暗跳" }, { "word": "黮闇" }, { "word": "黮暗" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds" }, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize" }, { "args": { "1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *qɯːms" }, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms)", "name": "liushu" }, { "args": { "1": "門", "2": "音", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc" }, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms) : semantic 門 + phonetic 音 (OC *qrɯm)", "name": "Han compound" } ], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms) : semantic 門 + phonetic 音 (OC *qrɯm).", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zh", "2": "hanzi" }, "expansion": "闇", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "to close the door" ], "links": [ [ "close", "close" ], [ "door", "door" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "night; dusk; eclipse" ], "links": [ [ "night", "night" ], [ "dusk", "dusk" ], [ "eclipse", "eclipse" ] ] }, { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "àn, “dark; secret; ignorant”", "word": "暗" } ], "glosses": [ "Alternative form of 暗 (àn, “dark; secret; ignorant”)" ], "links": [ [ "暗", "暗#Chinese" ], [ "dark", "dark" ], [ "secret", "secret" ], [ "ignorant", "ignorant" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "alternative" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "àn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "an⁴" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo" ], "zh-pron": "ㄢˋ" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Jyutping" ], "zh-pron": "am³" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Jyutping" ], "zh-pron": "am²" }, { "tags": [ "Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "àn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "àn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Wade-Giles" ], "zh-pron": "an⁴" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "àn" }, { "tags": [ "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "ann" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "ань" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "anʹ" }, { "ipa": "/ˀän⁵¹/", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "am" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "ám" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "am³" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "am²" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization" ], "zh-pron": "em³" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization" ], "zh-pron": "em²" }, { "ipa": "/ɐm³³/", "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "ipa": "/ɐm³⁵/", "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Middle-Chinese" ], "zh-pron": "'omH" }, { "tags": [ "Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang" ], "zh-pron": "/*qɯːms/" }, { "ipa": "/ˀän⁵¹/" }, { "ipa": "/ɐm³³/" }, { "ipa": "/ɐm³⁵/" }, { "other": "/*qɯːms/" } ], "word": "闇" } { "categories": [ "Chinese Han characters", "Chinese adverbs", "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "Chinese verbs", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Pages with raw sortkeys" ], "derived": [ { "word": "諒闇" }, { "word": "谅暗" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds" }, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize" }, { "args": { "1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *qɯːms" }, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms)", "name": "liushu" }, { "args": { "1": "門", "2": "音", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc" }, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms) : semantic 門 + phonetic 音 (OC *qrɯm)", "name": "Han compound" } ], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms) : semantic 門 + phonetic 音 (OC *qrɯm).", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zh", "2": "hanzi" }, "expansion": "闇", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "room for mourning the death of a ruler" ], "links": [ [ "room", "room" ], [ "mourn", "mourn" ], [ "death", "death" ], [ "ruler", "ruler" ] ] }, { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "ān, “to fully understand”", "word": "諳" }, { "extra": "ān, “to fully understand”", "word": "谙" } ], "glosses": [ "Alternative form of 諳/谙 (ān, “to fully understand”)" ], "links": [ [ "諳", "諳#Chinese" ], [ "谙", "谙#Chinese" ], [ "fully", "fully" ], [ "understand", "understand" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "alternative" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "ān" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "an¹" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo" ], "zh-pron": "ㄢ" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Jyutping" ], "zh-pron": "am¹" }, { "tags": [ "Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "ān" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "an" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Wade-Giles" ], "zh-pron": "an¹" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "ān" }, { "tags": [ "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "an" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "ань" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "anʹ" }, { "ipa": "/ˀän⁵⁵/", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "ām" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "am¹" }, { "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization" ], "zh-pron": "em¹" }, { "ipa": "/ɐm⁵⁵/", "tags": [ "Cantonese", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˀän⁵⁵/" }, { "ipa": "/ɐm⁵⁵/" } ], "word": "闇" } { "categories": [ "Chinese Han characters", "Chinese adverbs", "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "Chinese verbs", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Pages with raw sortkeys" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds" }, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize" }, { "args": { "1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *qɯːms" }, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms)", "name": "liushu" }, { "args": { "1": "門", "2": "音", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc" }, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms) : semantic 門 + phonetic 音 (OC *qrɯm)", "name": "Han compound" } ], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qɯːms) : semantic 門 + phonetic 音 (OC *qrɯm).", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zh", "2": "hanzi" }, "expansion": "闇", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "suddenly", "word": "奄" } ], "glosses": [ "Alternative form of 奄 (“suddenly”)" ], "links": [ [ "奄", "奄#Chinese" ], [ "suddenly", "suddenly" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "alternative" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "yǎn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "yan³" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "bopomofo" ], "zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˇ" }, { "tags": [ "Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "yǎn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin" ], "zh-pron": "yǎn" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Wade-Giles" ], "zh-pron": "yen³" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Yale" ], "zh-pron": "yǎn" }, { "tags": [ "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin" ], "zh-pron": "yean" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "янь" }, { "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Palladius" ], "zh-pron": "janʹ" }, { "ipa": "/jɛn²¹⁴/", "tags": [ "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA" ] }, { "ipa": "/jɛn²¹⁴/" } ], "word": "闇" } { "categories": [ "Common kanji", "Japanese Han characters", "Japanese entries with incorrect language header", "Japanese kanji with ancient goon reading おむ", "Japanese kanji with ancient kan'on reading あむ", "Japanese kanji with goon reading おん", "Japanese kanji with historical goon reading おん", "Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading あん", "Japanese kanji with kan'on reading あん", "Japanese kanji with kun reading くら-い", "Japanese kanji with kun reading やみ", "Japanese lemmas", "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks", "Japanese nouns", "Japanese single-kanji terms", "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese", "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji", "Japanese terms spelled with 闇", "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Japanese terms with multiple readings", "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations", "Japanese terms written with one Han script character", "Non-Tōyō characters replaced by Tōyō characters", "Pages with raw sortkeys" ], "derived": [ { "roman": "an'ya", "word": "闇夜: a dark night" }, { "word": "a night with no moon" }, { "word": "a dark and depressing outlook" }, { "english": "a dark night, a night with no moon", "roman": "yamiyo", "ruby": [ [ "闇", "やみ" ], [ "夜", "よ" ] ], "word": "闇夜" } ], "forms": [ { "form": "“Jōyō” kanji", "tags": [ "common" ] } ], "lang": "Japanese", "lang_code": "ja", "pos": "character", "related": [ { "roman": "Tōyō character written in place of this character", "word": "暗" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "dark, darkness" ], "links": [ [ "dark", "dark" ], [ "darkness", "darkness" ] ], "tags": [ "kanji" ] } ], "wikipedia": [ "Kyūjitai", "Shinjitai", "Tōkyō", "Ōsaka" ], "word": "闇" } { "categories": [ "Japanese entries with incorrect language header", "Japanese lemmas", "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks", "Japanese nouns", "Japanese single-kanji terms", "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese", "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese", "Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic", "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese", "Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic", "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji", "Japanese terms spelled with 闇", "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Japanese terms with multiple readings", "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys", "Japanese terms written with one Han script character", "Non-Tōyō characters replaced by Tōyō characters", "Pages with raw sortkeys" ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ja", "2": "ojp", "3": "-", "sort": "やみ" }, "expansion": "Old Japanese", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ja", "2": "jpx-pro", "3": "*yamui", "sort": "やみ" }, "expansion": "Proto-Japonic *yamui", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Ultimate roots uncertain. May be cognate with 病む (yamu, “to be ill”), 止む (yamu, “to stop, to quit”), 黄泉 (yomi, “land of the dead”).\nReconstructed as deriving ultimately from Proto-Japonic *yamui.", "forms": [ { "form": "闇", "ruby": [ [ "闇", "やみ" ] ], "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "yami", "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "やみ" }, "expansion": "闇(やみ) • (yami)", "name": "ja-noun" } ], "lang": "Japanese", "lang_code": "ja", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "the dark, darkness" ], "links": [ [ "dark", "dark" ], [ "darkness", "darkness" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "other": "やみ" }, { "ipa": "[ja̠mʲi]" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Kyūjitai", "Shinjitai", "Tōkyō", "Ōsaka" ], "word": "闇" } { "categories": [ "Japanese entries with incorrect language header", "Japanese lemmas", "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks", "Japanese nouns", "Japanese single-kanji terms", "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese", "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji", "Japanese terms spelled with 闇", "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Japanese terms with multiple readings", "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "Japanese terms written with one Han script character", "Non-Tōyō characters replaced by Tōyō characters", "Pages with raw sortkeys" ], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ja", "2": "ltc", "3": "-", "sort": "あん" }, "expansion": "Middle Chinese", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "闇", "2": "dark" }, "expansion": "闇 (MC 'omH, “dark”)", "name": "ltc-l" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 闇 (MC 'omH, “dark”).", "forms": [ { "form": "闇", "ruby": [ [ "闇", "あん" ] ], "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "an", "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "あん" }, "expansion": "闇(あん) • (an)", "name": "ja-noun" } ], "lang": "Japanese", "lang_code": "ja", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "darkness, the dark" ], "links": [ [ "darkness", "darkness" ], [ "dark", "dark" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "a dark place" ], "links": [ [ "dark", "dark" ], [ "place", "place" ] ] }, { "categories": [ "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "ja:Buddhism" ], "glosses": [ "darkness, as a metaphor for worldly desires" ], "links": [ [ "Buddhism", "Buddhism" ], [ "darkness", "darkness" ], [ "metaphor", "metaphor" ], [ "worldly", "worldly" ], [ "desire", "desire" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Buddhism) darkness, as a metaphor for worldly desires" ], "topics": [ "Buddhism", "lifestyle", "religion" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "other": "あん" }, { "ipa": "[ã̠ɴ]" } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "暗" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Kyūjitai", "Shinjitai", "Tōkyō", "Ōsaka" ], "word": "闇" } { "forms": [ { "form": "am", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "암", "tags": [ "hangeul" ] }, { "form": "am", "tags": [ "revised" ] }, { "form": "am", "tags": [ "McCune-Reischauer" ] }, { "form": "am", "tags": [ "Yale" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ko", "2": "Han characters", "sc": "Kore", "sort": "암", "tr": "am" }, "expansion": "闇 • (am)", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "eumhun": "", "hangeul": "암", "mr": "am", "rv": "am", "y": "am" }, "expansion": "闇 • (am) (hangeul 암, revised am, McCune–Reischauer am, Yale am)", "name": "ko-hanja" } ], "lang": "Korean", "lang_code": "ko", "pos": "character", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Korean Han characters", "Korean entries with incorrect language header", "Korean lemmas", "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "Korean terms with redundant script codes", "Pages with raw sortkeys" ], "raw_tags": [ "Hanja" ], "tags": [ "no-gloss" ] } ], "word": "闇" } { "categories": [ "Pages with raw sortkeys", "Translingual Han characters with definition lines", "Translingual entries with incorrect language header", "Translingual lemmas", "Translingual symbols", "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "Translingual terms with redundant script codes" ], "forms": [ { "form": "169", "tags": [ "radical" ] }, { "form": "門+9", "tags": [ "radical" ] }, { "form": "17", "tags": [ "strokes" ] }, { "form": "日弓卜廿日", "roman": "ANYTA", "tags": [ "cangjie-input" ] }, { "form": "7760₁", "tags": [ "four-corner" ] }, { "form": "⿵門音", "tags": [ "composition" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "as": "09", "canj": "ANYTA", "four": "77601", "ids": "⿵門音", "rad": "門", "rn": "169", "sn": "17" }, "expansion": "闇 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+9, 17 strokes, cangjie input 日弓卜廿日 (ANYTA), four-corner 7760₁, composition ⿵門音)", "name": "Han char" } ], "lang": "Translingual", "lang_code": "mul", "pos": "character", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "close, shut" ], "links": [ [ "close", "close" ], [ "shut", "shut" ] ], "raw_tags": [ "han" ] }, { "glosses": [ "dark, dismal" ], "links": [ [ "dark", "dark" ], [ "dismal", "dismal" ] ], "raw_tags": [ "han" ] } ], "word": "闇" } { "forms": [ { "form": "ám", "tags": [ "Hán-Nôm" ] } ], "lang": "Vietnamese", "lang_code": "vi", "pos": "character", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Vietnamese Han characters", "Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings", "Vietnamese lemmas" ], "raw_tags": [ "han" ], "tags": [ "no-gloss" ] } ], "word": "闇" }
{ "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324", "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'", "path": [ "闇" ], "section": "Chinese", "subsection": "", "title": "闇", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324", "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'", "path": [ "闇" ], "section": "Chinese", "subsection": "", "title": "闇", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324", "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'", "path": [ "闇" ], "section": "Chinese", "subsection": "", "title": "闇", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324", "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'", "path": [ "闇" ], "section": "Chinese", "subsection": "", "title": "闇", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324", "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'", "path": [ "闇" ], "section": "Chinese", "subsection": "", "title": "闇", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "parser/1336", "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>", "path": [ "闇" ], "section": "Japanese", "subsection": "noun", "title": "闇", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "parser/1336", "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>", "path": [ "闇" ], "section": "Japanese", "subsection": "noun", "title": "闇", "trace": "" }
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.